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目的:探讨大学生成人依恋与父母教养方式之间的关系。方法:采用父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)、亲密关系体验调查问卷(ECR)对280名大学生进行调查研究。结果:(1)非独生子女大学生在父亲因子(情感温暖、理解Ⅰ;过分干涉Ⅲ)和母亲因子(情感温暖、理解Ⅰ、过分干涉、过度保护Ⅳ上的得分显著低于独生子女大学生;在依恋回避因子上的得分显著高于独生子女大学生。(2)来自农村的大学生在父亲因子(情感温暖、理解Ⅰ;过分干涉Ⅲ;过度保护Ⅵ)和母亲因子(情感温暖、理解Ⅰ、过分干涉、过度保护Ⅳ上的得分显著低于来自城市的大学生;在依恋回避因子上的得分显著高于来自城市的大学生。(3)影响依恋回避的因子有母亲因子(惩罚、严厉Ⅱ;拒绝、否认Ⅲ),影响依恋焦虑的因子有母亲因子(拒绝、否认Ⅲ;偏爱被试Ⅴ)和父亲因子(偏爱被试Ⅳ;过度保护Ⅵ)。结论:大学生父母教养方式上存在差异,这种差异对成人依恋有显著影响。
Objective: To explore the relationship between adult attachment and parental rearing styles of college students. Methods: An investigation was conducted on 280 undergraduates using the EMBU and ECR questionnaires. Results: (1) The score of father and mother (emotionally warm, understanding Ⅰ; excessive interference Ⅲ) and mothers’ factors (emotional warmth, understanding Ⅰ, excessive intervention and over-protection Ⅳ) were significantly lower than those of single- The scores of attachment avoidance factor were significantly higher than that of single-child college students. (2) The college students from rural areas had a significant difference in father’s factor (feeling warm, understanding Ⅰ, excessive interference Ⅲ, excessive protection Ⅵ) and mother’s factor (feeling warm, understanding Ⅰ, , And scores on over-protection IV were significantly lower than those from urban students; scores on attachment-avoidance factors were significantly higher than those from urban students. (3) Factors influencing attachment avoidance were mothers’ factors (punishment, severe II; rejection, denial Ⅲ). Factors that affect attachment anxiety include mothers’ factors (refusal, denial Ⅲ; preference for test Ⅴ) and fathers (preference test Ⅳ; overprotection Ⅵ) .Conclusion: There are differences in parental rearing patterns among college students. Adult attachment has a significant effect.