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本文论述劳动经济学,审视其中第二次世界大战后占统治地位的新古典理论的兴起,同时,关注尽管相对衰落但仍继续发生影响的制度经济学派的理论。作者描述了制度学派和新古典派从 19 世纪晚期到 20 世纪中叶的演变,回顾了早期发生在两派之间的思想分歧,扼要地介绍了新古典劳动经济学先驱的著作,突出过去 30 年取得的重要进展。作者认为,新古典经济学拓展了理论深度,影响了公共政策,这导致它更加密切地关注那些曾经长期受制度学家或“新制度学家”重视的问题。在而二战后的岁月里,劳动经济学的研究领域发生了巨大的变化。在二战结束时,
This article discusses labor economics and examines the rise of the neo-classical theory in which post-Second World War dominates. At the same time, it focuses on the theories of the Institutional Economists that continue to have an impact despite their relative decline. The author describes the evolution of institutionalism and neo-classicalism from the late 19th century to the middle of the 20th century. It recalled the earlier ideological divisions between the two schools, briefly introduced the work of neo-classical labor economics pioneers and highlighted the past 30 years Important progress achieved. The author believes that neoclassical economics has broadened the depth of theory and influenced public policy, which has led it to pay more attention to issues that have long been valued by systemologists or “new institutional scientists.” In the years after World War II, there has been a huge change in the field of labor economics research. At the end of World War II,