我国宪法规定自然资源归国家即全民所有,从法律上明确了资源的公有制性质。建国以来,在传统的经济体制下,国家资源一直由国营企事业单位无偿地占有和使用,形成了资源无偿使用制度。40年来资源开发和利用的实践,暴露了这一制度的一系列弊端,资源有偿使用的必要性正在被越来越多的人们所认识。特别是十年来经济体制改革的深入发展,更使我们感受到解决这一问题的迫切性,如何在新的经济体制中,保护国有资产不受侵蚀,保证国有资产的正常补偿和增值,真正实现全民对社会财产的公平占有与受益已是不容回避的问题了。 Our country's Constitution stipulates that natural resources belong to the state as a whole, and that the law of public ownership of resources is clearly defined. Since the founding of the People's Republic, under the traditional economic system, state resources have always been owned and used by state-owned enterprises and institutions for free and a system of free use of resources has been formed. Over the past 40 years, the practice of resource exploitation and utilization has exposed a series of drawbacks of this system. The necessity of the paid use of resources is being recognized by more and more people. In particular, the in-depth development of economic restructuring over the past decade has also made us feel the urgency of resolving this issue and how to protect state-owned assets from erosion and ensure the normal compensation and appreciation of state-owned assets in the new economic system. It is unavoidable for the entire people to have fair possession and benefit of social property.