甲胎蛋白(αFP)是胎儿期的一种球蛋白,在胚胎期12周左右达最高峰(3～4mg/ml)出生后逐渐下降,一年后降至微量.1963年苏联学者AbeleV发现移植性肝癌的小白鼠,血清aFP升高,之后证明,肝细胞癌的病人,αFP也可升高(其原因为肝细胞反分化,其代谢返回胎肝类型,重新使关闭的αFP基因又活跃开放之故)并认为αFP测定对肝细胞癌的诊断具特异性,是肝细胞癌的常规检测项目. Alpha-fetoprotein (FFP) is a globulin of the fetus, which reaches its peak at about 12 weeks after embryogenesis (3-4 mg / ml) and then decreases to a trace amount after one year. In 1963 Soviet scholar AbeleV found that transplantation In mice with HCC, elevated serum aFP levels have subsequently shown that patients with HCC also have an elevated αFP (due to hepatocyte dedifferentiation, which is metabolized back to the fetal liver type, which again activates the closed αFP gene The reason) and that αFP assay for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma with specificity, is a routine test of hepatocellular carcinoma.