【目的】分析数据出版相关环节、利益主体、发展现状与存在问题,给出我国数据出版发展建议。【方法】调研数据出版相关文献及国内外数据出版实例。【结果】数据出版涉及5个基本环节、3方利益主体和1个独立评价机构;存在3种数据出版形式和不同的数据引用格式。【结论】数据出版是未来科研成果出版的重要组成部分和发展趋势,我国应从政策上将数据出版纳入科学评价体系,制定规范数据出版和引用的国家标准;数据中心必须逐步转型并联合,做好数据版权保护和数据有效保存与重复利用;期刊编辑部应发挥联系各利益主体的纽带作用,做好宣传与引导,促进高质量数据的发表。 【Objective】 To analyze the relevant aspects of data publication, stakeholders, current situation and existing problems, and give suggestions on the development of data publishing in our country. 【Methods】 Research data publishing literature and data examples at home and abroad. 【Results】 The data publication involved 5 basic steps, 3 stakeholders and 1 independent evaluation agency. There were 3 data publication formats and different data reference formats. 【Conclusion】 Data publishing is an important part and trend of publication of scientific research achievements in the future. China should incorporate the data publication into the scientific evaluation system from the policy and formulate the national standard to regulate the publication and reference of data. The data center must be gradually transformed and united to do well Data copyright protection and data conservation and reuse; Journal editorial department should play the role of the link between the various stakeholders, good publicity and guidance, and promote the publication of high-quality data.