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我国于1942年从国外引入 M 系营养砧木,至今保存下来的 M 系和 MM 系及其它苹果营养砧木是从1954年以后通过各种途径陆续引入的,现已遍及国内大部分省、市。自七十年代,由于提倡乔砧苹果密植,随之而来的树冠不易控制和受适于密植的品种的局限等问题的出现,才较多利用矮化和半矮化砧,并多利用中间砧试验。以山定子和福山小海棠做根砧,苹果矮化和半矮化营养砧木做中间砧、对接穗品种的抗冻、抗抽条和树体大小、成花结果、果实质量和品质等效应,我们于1980～1983年在辽宁、山东等省的15个单位进行了调查。现将调查研究结果小结如下。一、调查研究材料和方法1.砧木和品种根砧:山定子(Malus baccata Borkh.)、
In 1942, China introduced M-type nutrition rootstocks from abroad. The M-line and MM-line and other apple rootstocks that have been preserved since 1954 have been gradually introduced through various channels since 1954 and are now spread throughout most provinces and cities in China. Since the 1970s, dwarfing and semi-dwarfing anvils have become more commonplace due to the advent of such problems as the intimate planting of Joe ancestral grasses, the ensuing crowns that can not be easily controlled, and the limitations of species suitable for close planting, Anvil test. The effect of anti-freezing, anti-slimming and tree size, flowering result, fruit quality and quality of scion varieties were studied by using rootstocks of mountain statues and Fukuyama begonia as rootstocks, dwarfing and semidwarf nutritious rootstocks as intermediate anvil, We conducted a survey in 15 units in Liaoning, Shandong and other provinces from 1980 to 1983. Now the survey results are summarized below. First, the research materials and methods 1 rootstocks and varieties of rootstock: mountain stator (Malus baccata Borkh.),