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商业化纳滤膜绝大多数采用由二元胺与多元酰氯在非织造布基超滤膜表面界面聚合得到的复合纳滤膜。复合纳滤膜以其基膜和功能层材料可以分别设计,能够在较低压力下同时获得高脱盐率和水通量的优点,而被广泛应用在膜法水处理领域中。然而由于因环境中无机盐结垢、胶体、有机物和生物膜引起的膜污染,造成产水水质及膜通量的下降,膜寿命大大降低且运行成本增加,迫切需要提高复合纳滤膜的耐污染性。本文从新型单体开发、功能层及新型基膜这三大方面探讨目前复合纳滤膜耐污染性的研究进展,并对其制备方法中亟需深入研究的内容和其应用前景进行了展望。
The vast majority of commercial nanofiltration membranes using diamine and polyacryl chloride in the nonwoven fabric-based ultrafiltration membrane surface of the composite nanofiltration membrane obtained. The composite nanofiltration membrane can be separately designed with its base membrane and functional layer material, and can obtain the advantages of high desalination rate and water flux under the low pressure, and is widely applied in the field of membrane water treatment. However, due to fouling caused by inorganic salts in the environment, colloids, organic matter and biofilm caused by membrane fouling, resulting in decreased water quality and membrane flux, membrane life is greatly reduced and operating costs increase, there is an urgent need to improve the composite nanofiltration membrane resistance Pollution. In this paper, the research progress of the current composite nanofiltration membrane contamination resistance is discussed from the aspects of new monomer development, functional layer and a new basement membrane. The content of the research on the preparation method of the composite nanofiltration membrane and the prospect of its application are also prospected.