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按照现有自然资源价格理论,在合理引入自然资源代际成本和外部成本后,自然资源价格上涨,消耗下降及自然资源高效利用将同步实现。而我国近期的经济运行与现有理论推测有所不符:自然资源价格快速上涨,但是自然资源消耗显著增加,利用率低下,技术水平未见明显提高,环境污染压力日益严重。而用要素市场价格理论模型可以对此类现象做出合理解释。要素价格的形成受产品市场消费需求和技术水平即生产效率的影响而决定。因此以合理消费需求,提升技术水平,提高生产效率为长期战略,将有助于实现自然资源的合理价格。
According to the existing theory of the price of natural resources, with the reasonable introduction of the intergenerational and external costs of natural resources, the price of natural resources will rise, the consumption will drop and the efficient use of natural resources will be realized simultaneously. However, the recent economic operation in our country is inconsistent with the existing theoretical speculation. The prices of natural resources have risen rapidly, but the consumption of natural resources has increased markedly, the utilization rate has been low, the technological level has not been obviously improved, and the pressure of environmental pollution has become increasingly serious. The factor market price theory model can make a reasonable explanation for such phenomena. The formation of factor prices is determined by consumer demand and technological level of the product market, that is, the impact of production efficiency. Therefore, a long-term strategy of rationalizing consumption needs, upgrading technological levels and improving production efficiency will help realize the rational price of natural resources.