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以青海湖流域为研究区,根据《生态功能区划技术暂行规程》,选择降雨侵蚀力、地形起伏度、土壤质地、植被类型作为土壤侵蚀敏感性的评价指标,在ArcGIS支持下生成单因子敏感性评价图,在此基础上基于ArcGIS的空间叠加分析功能,对土壤侵蚀敏感性进行综合评价。结果表明:研究区域内土壤侵蚀中度敏感区域占大部分,达到62.02%;高度敏感区域其次,为20.82%;轻度敏感区域和极敏感区域较少,分别为16.92%和0.24%。其中,对土壤侵蚀敏感性较高的地方主要有天峻县西北部和海晏县东部。
Taking the Qinghai Lake Basin as a research area, the authors selected the rainfall erosivity, topography relief, soil texture and vegetation types as the assessment indexes of soil erosion sensitivity according to the “Interim Procedures for Ecological Functional Zoning”, and generated single factor sensitivity Evaluation map, on the basis of ArcGIS Spatial Overlay Analysis, a comprehensive assessment of soil erosion sensitivity. The results showed that most of the sensitive areas of soil erosion in the study area accounted for 62.02%, followed by 20.82% in the highly sensitive areas and 16.92% and 0.24% in the mildly sensitive areas and very sensitive areas respectively. Among them, the high sensitivity to soil erosion are mainly the northwest of Tianjun County and the east of Haiyan County.