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目的：探讨电视胸腔镜辅助手术治疗非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效。方法对62例行电视胸腔镜手术（胸腔镜组）治疗和50例行小切口开胸手术（小切口开胸组）治疗的非小细胞肺癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析，比较两组的手术时间、术中失血量、淋巴结清扫的数量、术后72 h内引流量，引流管留置时间和住院时间。结果胸腔镜组手术时间显著长于小切口开胸组（P＜0．01），术中出血量、术后72 h内的胸管引流量、引流管留置时间和住院时间均显著少于小切口开胸组（P＜0．01），术中清扫淋巴结的数量与小切口开胸组比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论可手术的非小细胞肺癌患者应用电视胸腔镜手术治疗能达到开胸手术的根治要求，且具有创伤小，恢复快、住院时间短、并发症少等优点。“,”Objective To explore short‐term efficacy of video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) .Methods Clinical data of 62 NSCLC patients undergoing VATS (thoracoscope group) and 50 ones doing mini‐incision thoracotomy (mini‐incision thoracotomy group) were retrospectively analyzed and compared .Results Duration of operation was significantly longer (P< 0 .01) and intraoperative blood loss ,post‐operative 72‐h chest drainage flow ,drain retention time and length of stay fewer in thoracoscope than in mini‐incision thoracotomy group (P 0 .05) .Conclusion VATS could reach the radical cure requirement of thoracotomy for NSCLC and has such advantages as smaller wound ,quicker re‐covery ,shorter length of stay and fewer complications .