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猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRS)是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRSV)引起的烈性传染病,主要表现为母猪流产,仔猪出现呼吸道疾病,该病首先由欧洲和美国学者报道,现呈世界性分布。根据PRRSV不同毒株之间核苷酸同源性的差异,PRRSV可以分为欧洲型和美洲型两种,两种类型的PRRSV代表毒株为LV株和VR-2332株,两者之间的核苷酸同源性仅为60%。文章对近年来PRRSV的分子生物学研究进展进行了综述,从PRRSV的基因组结构、组成和每个结构基因的组成与功能阐述了病毒复制的过程及整个生命周期,分析了病毒结构蛋白与非结构蛋白的功能,探讨了病毒的致病机理。
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRS) is a potent infectious disease caused by Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRSV), which is mainly caused by the abortion of sows and respiratory tract of piglets The disease, first reported by European and American scholars, is now globally distributed. According to the difference of nucleotide homology between different strains of PRRSV, PRRSV can be divided into two types: European and American. The two types of PRRSV strains are LV strain and VR-2332 strain. Nucleotide homology is only 60%. In this paper, the progresses of molecular biology of PRRSV in recent years are summarized. The process and the whole life cycle of the virus replication are explained from the genome structure, composition and the composition and function of each structural gene of PRRSV. Protein function, to explore the pathogenesis of the virus.