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规律性的板裂化破坏是深埋硬脆性岩体开挖卸荷造成的典型围岩破坏现象,给隧洞的安全施工建设带来了严峻挑战。板裂化破坏的研究主要涉及两个关键问题:板裂化破坏的形成机制及其影响因素,板裂化破坏与岩爆的关系。多年来,国内外学者通过理论分析、现场及室内试验、数值模拟等不同途径对板裂化破坏问题进行了系统的研究,取得了丰富的研究成果。在系统分析有关板裂化破坏两个关键问题研究进展的基础上认为,板裂化破坏的形成机制复杂、影响因素众多。基于板裂化破坏形成的细观机制,建立不同类型板裂化破坏的力学准则与力学模型是揭示板裂化破坏形成机制的关键所在;板裂化破坏现象与岩爆之间具有很强的相关性和本质的联系,深入揭示板裂化破坏特征所包含的岩爆前兆信息是板裂化破坏与岩爆关系研究的关键与难点问题。
The regular plate cracking damage is the typical failure of surrounding rock caused by excavation unloading of deep hard and brittle rock mass, which poses a severe challenge to the safe construction of the tunnel. The research on the cracking of slab mainly involves two key issues: the formation mechanism of slab cracking and its influencing factors, the relationship between slab cracking and rockburst. Over the years, domestic and foreign scholars systematically studied the problem of plate cracking by theoretical analysis, field and laboratory tests, numerical simulation and other different approaches, and obtained rich research results. Based on the systematic analysis of the research progress on the two key problems of cracking and cracking of the slab, it is considered that the formation mechanism of slab cracking is complex and its influencing factors are numerous. Based on the meso-mechanism of crack formation, the establishment of mechanical criteria and mechanical models for the cracking failure of different types of slabs is the key to reveal the formation mechanism of crack initiation. The relationship between plate cracking and rock burst has a strong correlation and essence , It is the key and difficult problem to study the relationship between plate cracking and rock burst by revealing the precursor information of rock burst contained in the fault of plate cracking.