论文部分内容阅读
对48个白皮小麦种质及2个红皮小麦种质连续3年测定结果,品种间收获前穗发芽率、籽粒发芽率及收获后种子休眠特性差异显著。穗发芽敏感性因年份和种子发育时期而异,开花后35～40天较敏感,品种间差异大。休眠期长短与穗发芽率间呈极显著负相关(平均r~2=0.6170)。收获后的种子α-淀粉酶活性、降落值,与穗发芽率间分别呈极显著正相关(r~2=0.4609)和极显著负相关(r~2=0.3014)。种子吸水率与穗发芽率间相关显著,但程度较低。颖壳浸提液对种子发芽有明显抑制作用,以浸种24小时较显著且品种间差异大。相对而言,抗穗发芽品种的抑制作用多大于敏感品种,但有的抗性品种没有明显的颖壳抑制作用。表明,白皮小麦抗穗发芽性是复杂的,休眠特性是其主要机制,α淀粉酶活性、降落值及颖壳内含物亦有一定作用,不同品种其抗性机制有所不同。
The results of three consecutive years for 48 white wheat germplasms and 2 red wheat germplasms showed that there were significant differences in germination rate, seed germination rate and post-harvest seed dormancy between varieties. Sprouting susceptibility due to the year and seed development period vary, 35 to 40 days after flowering more sensitive, large differences between varieties. There was a significant negative correlation between the duration of dormancy and sprouting (average r ~ 2 = 0.6170). There was a significant positive correlation (r ~ 2 = 0.4609) and a very significant negative correlation (r ~ 2 = 0.3014) between the postharvest seed a -amylase activity, the decline value and the spikelet germination rate. There was a significant correlation between seed water absorption rate and spike germination rate, but to a lesser extent. The extract of glume shell significantly inhibited the germination of seeds, so it was significant at 24 h after soaking and the difference among varieties was significant. Relatively speaking, the inhibition of spike-resistant varieties was more than that of susceptible varieties, but some of the resistant varieties did not show significant glume inhibition. The results showed that the resistance to spike of white wheat was complicated, and the dormancy was the main mechanism. The activity of α-amylase, the value of drop and the content of glume also had certain effects. The resistance mechanisms of different varieties were different.