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【目的】 掌握我市 5岁以下儿童意外死亡状况及特点并进行分析 ,提出相关预防措施。 【方法】 全市两个城区和 3 3个农业县 (市 ) 5 %～ 10 %的乡镇为 5岁以下儿童死亡监测点。监测对象、内容、方法及质控均按“中国 5岁以下儿童死亡监测方案”进行。 【结果】 重庆市 1993～ 1999年 5岁以下儿童死亡率为 62 6.6/ 10 5。农村意外死亡率高于城区 3 .3 5倍 ,意外死亡占总死亡的 2 0 .0 7%。 1～ 4岁意外死亡占意外死亡总数的 72 .5 %。意外死亡性别比在婴儿期无明显差异 ,1～ 4岁男童高于女童。意外死亡原因顺位随年龄有所变化 ,新生儿和小婴儿意外窒息占第一位 ,1岁以上幼儿发生溺水和车祸多 ,占第一和第二位。 87.2 5 %的儿童死于途中和家中 ,77.3 4 %的儿童死前未得到救治。 【结论】 针对上述儿童意外死亡特点提出并落实相关预防措施。
【Objective】 To know the status and characteristics of unintentional death of children under 5 years old in our city and to analyze and put forward relevant preventive measures. 【Method】 The townships and townships in two urban districts and 33% of agricultural counties (cities) in the whole city are the death monitoring points for children under 5 years of age. The monitoring objects, contents, methods and quality control are all conducted according to the “China’s death monitoring program for children under 5 years of age”. 【Results】 The mortality rate of children under 5 years old from 1993 to 1999 in Chongqing was 62 6.6 / 105. The accidental death rate in rural areas was 3.5 times higher than that in urban areas, and the accidental deaths accounted for 20.77% of the total deaths. Accidental deaths aged 1 to 4 accounted for 72.5% of the total number of unexpected deaths. The sex ratio at accidental death was no significant difference in infancy, boys aged 1 to 4 were higher than girls. The causes of accidental death vary with age. Infants and young babies suffer the most from accidental suffocation, while those over one year old suffer from drowning and car accidents, accounting for the first and second place. 87.2 Five per cent of children die on the way and at home, 77.3 Four per cent of children are untreated until their death. 【Conclusion】 According to the above characteristics of child accidental death, we put forward and implement relevant preventive measures.