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为了探讨不同应力水平的运动对生长期大鼠长骨生长发育的影响。将24只4周龄雌性SD大鼠随机分为3组,即对照组,游泳运动组和跑台运动组,每组8只,游泳运动组和跑台运动组分别进行为期9周,每周5次,每次60 min的游泳和跑台运动。运动结束后取后肢胫骨进行骨矿含量和三点弯曲实验。游泳运动组各项骨矿含量指标皆高于对照组,仅骨灰度密度具有显著性差异。跑台运动组各项骨矿含量指标除骨灰度外都显著高于对照组。生物力学指标中,游泳运动组的弹性载荷非常显著的高于对照组,显著高于跑台运动组,跑台运动组弹性载荷显著高于对照组,最大载荷和弹性载荷非常显著地高于对照组。结果提示,两种应力水平的运动都能够提高胫骨的骨矿含量,跑台运动的作用较强。两种运动对骨的生物力学特性皆有一定的影响,但作用有所不同,跑台运动对骨的抗变形能力的提高高于游泳运动,而游泳运动的对骨的抗断裂能力的提高高于跑台运动。
In order to investigate the effects of exercise at different stress levels on the growth and development of long bones in growing rats. Twenty-four 4-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, swimming group and treadmill group, with 8 rats in each group. The swimming group and treadmill group received 9 weeks, 5 times, each 60 minutes of swimming and treadmill exercise. After the exercise, the hindlimb tibia was taken for bone mineral content and three-point bending test. The swimming group bone mineral content indicators are higher than the control group, only the gray density of bone has significant differences. Treadmill exercise group of bone mineral content indicators except bone gray were significantly higher than the control group. Biomechanical indicators, the swimming group elastic load was significantly higher than the control group, was significantly higher than the treadmill exercise group, treadmill exercise group elastic load was significantly higher than the control group, the maximum load and elastic load was significantly higher than the control group. The results suggest that exercise at both stress levels can increase the bone mineral content of the tibia, treadmill exercise strong role. Both exercises had certain influence on the biomechanical properties of the bones, but the effects were different. The anti-deformation ability of the treadmill was higher than that of the swimming exercise, while the anti-rupture ability of the swimming exercise was improved In the treadmill exercise.