与许多发展中国家的经验一样,巴基斯坦1970年初在公共部门发展了相当规模的生产机构。在此之前,政府对公共部门的政策重点放在新的投资上,而对其经营效益很少注意,由此而引起金融结构疲软与债务产权比律不平衡,净流动资本呈负数或不足,资产流动缓慢,原料使用效率低、大量积存,而收入缓慢等等。这些企业中许多不能创出足够资金满足自己经营和固定资产更新的需要,继而给国家预算添加了赤字。1970年末。伴随政府的改革,工业政策也作了调整,使公共工业企业与私营公司在同样经营条件下有效地独立运营。在改善公共企业经营效益的过程中,1981年政府决定建立“公共 In common with many developing countries, Pakistan developed a considerable amount of production facilities in the public sector in early 1970. Prior to this, the government’s policy on the public sector focused on new investment, and paid little attention to its operating efficiency. As a result, it caused a weak financial structure and an unbalanced debt equity ratio, with negative or insufficient net working capital. Slow movement of assets, inefficient use of raw materials, large stocks, and slow revenues. Many of these companies are unable to create enough funds to meet their operational and fixed assets renewal needs, which in turn adds a deficit to the national budget. At the end of 1970. With the reform of the government, industrial policies have also been adjusted to allow public industrial companies and private companies to operate effectively independently under the same operating conditions. In the course of improving the operating efficiency of public enterprises, the government decided to establish "public