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本研究在室内及自然条件下对藐小棘隙吸虫尾蚴在其第一中间宿主铜锈环棱螺体内形成、逸出节律及影响因素以及尾蚴的行为进行了系列观察。在露天实验池 4～ 5月份投放虫卵感染阴性铜锈环棱螺 ,经 10 3～ 140 d尾蚴从宿主螺体内逸出 ;9～ 10月份投放虫卵 ,直到第 2年 8月前后才有尾蚴逸出 ,需 30 0多天。在现场对铜锈环棱螺逐月检查结果表明 ,螺体内尾蚴检出率呈明显的年周期变化 :每年 7月底尾蚴出现 ,12月初消失 ,检出高峰在 9～11月。 10月份 (平均气温为 2 3.2℃ ) ,每只螺平均每天逸蚴 2 0 92 0 0条。在自然条件下 ,尾蚴逸出数量呈日周期变化 :尾蚴逸出时间主要集中在 8:0 0～ 16 :0 0 ,逸出高峰在 10 :0 0～ 12 :0 0 ,夜晚几乎无逸出。 4× 4拉丁方实验和 2× 2析因实验显示 ,温度、光照强度是影响尾蚴逸出的主要因素 ,但两者无交互作用。当温度、光照强度恒定时 ,尾蚴原先的逸出节律 (日周期变化 )消失。尾蚴具趋光性 ,新近 (12 h内 )逸出的尾蚴主要分布在水体的上表层 6 cm以内。对尾蚴寿命的观察显示 ,在 6℃、15℃、2 0℃、2 5℃、30℃和 37℃恒温条件下尾蚴的半数死亡时间分别为 2 5 9h、139.7h、10 5 .9h、83.7h、6 9.2 h和 12 .3h;尾蚴寿命与水温呈负相关关系 (r=- 0 .96 8,P<0 .0 1)。尾蚴?
In this study, a series of observations were made on the formation, escalation rhythm, influencing factors and the cercariae behavior of Erianthus cercariae in its first intermediate host, Borrelia Coriolus, under laboratory and natural conditions. In the open-air experimental pond from April to May, the eggs of the infected bronchopneumoniae were thrown into the open-air experimental pond. After 10 to 140 days, the cercariae escaped from the host spirochete. The eggs were released from September to October and had cercariae until August of the second year To escape, need more than 30 0 days. On the spot, the results of monthly test on copper rust rings showed that the detection rate of cercariae in spiral was obviously changed from year to year. The cercariae appeared at the end of July each year and disappeared at the beginning of December, with the peak detected from September to November. In October (average temperature is 23.2 ℃), each snail averaged 260900 ticks per day. Under natural conditions, the number of cercariae released varied with the daily cycle: the cercariae escaped mainly in the time of 8: 0 ~ 16: 0 0, the peak of escape was in the range of 10: 0 ~ 12: 0 0, almost no escaping at night . 4 × 4 Latin square experiments and 2 × 2 factorial experiments show that the temperature and light intensity are the main factors affecting the cercariae escape, but there is no interaction between the two. When the temperature, light intensity constant, the original cercaristic escape rhythm (day cycle changes) disappear. Cercariae with phototropism, recently (within 12 h) to escape the cercariae are mainly distributed in the upper 6 cm water body. The results showed that the half-life of cercaria was 259h, 139.7h, 105.5h and 83.7 respectively at 6 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃ and 37 ℃ h, 6 9.2 h and 12.3 h respectively. The cercariae had a negative correlation with water temperature (r = - 0.96 8, P <0.01). Cercariae?