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技术研究有三个使它具有深远经济意义的特征:(1)它极大地扩充了经济容量以提高商品需求;(2)多数技术研究既是有用的活动又是获利的活动;(3)技术所究量的增加,并不趋向于降低产品的边际价值,相反,它趋向于增加边际价值。技术研究对消费品的需求和资本财的需求两者都起着影响。它靠发展新的消费品的花色品种来影响消费品的需求,这些新的花色品种是人民想望把它们加入消费标准里的。由于扩展新消费品,就需要制造这些新消费品的工厂和装备,并且由于新生产方法和新装备的发展,就意味着有投资机会。专门化技术研究的增长在两个主要方面促进着经济的稳定。第一,技术研究倾向于在许多工业部门输入这种技术,即必须由长期计划供给资金而不顾及商业周期。第二,技术研究极大地增加了经济中工业的数目,这件事情本身就是一种稳定力量。
There are three characteristics of technology research that make it economically significant: (1) it greatly expands economic capacity to increase commodity demand; (2) most technology research is both useful and profitable; (3) technology Increasing the amount does not tend to reduce the marginal value of the product, on the contrary, it tends to increase the marginal value. Both the demand for consumer goods and the demand for capital money for technical research have an impact. It affects the demand for consumer products by developing varieties of consumer products that are the people’s desire to incorporate into consumer standards. The expansion of new consumer goods requires the manufacturing of these new consumer goods factories and equipment, and the growth of new production methods and equipment means investment opportunities. The growth of specialized technical research has contributed to economic stability in two main areas. First, technology research tends to import this technology in many industries, which must be funded by long-term plans without regard to the business cycle. Second, technological research has greatly increased the number of industries in the economy, something that is itself a stabilizing force.