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目的:了解黄连须根浸提液(Coptis chinensis fibrous root extracts,CRE)对蚕豆和豌豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应,以便减轻化感危害,提高土地生产力。方法:采用培养试验法,用不同浓度的CRE处理豌豆和蚕豆种子和幼苗,观察种子萌发和幼苗生长状况,并测定相关生理指标。结果:低浓度的CRE对种子发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数和种子膜透性无显著影响,随处理浓度的提高,种子的膜透性增强,萌发受到抑制。用800 mg CRE.L-1浸种,发芽率比对照降低了23.4%(豌豆)和9.5%(蚕豆)。与此同时,经CRE浸泡后,蚕豆种子中的可溶性糖含量显著低于对照,2种豆科植物尤其是蚕豆种子中的游离氨基酸含量也显著降低。此外,低浓度的CRE促进蚕豆和豌豆幼苗生长,提高硝酸还原酶和根系活力,但高浓度的CRE则产生显著的抑制作用,并妨碍胚乳中的养分利用。结论:大量存在于土壤的黄连根系分泌物及植株残体腐解所释放的化感物质可能抑制豆科作物种子发芽和幼苗生长。在集约化种植黄连的土壤中,这种抑制作用可能造成后季作物减产绝收。
Objective: To understand the allelopathic effect of Coptis chinensis fibrous root extracts (COPs) on seed germination and seedling growth of Vicia faba and Pea in order to reduce the allelochemical hazard and improve the productivity of the land. Methods: The seedlings and seedlings of peas and broad bean were treated with different concentrations of CRE by culture experiment. The seed germination and seedling growth were observed, and the related physiological indexes were determined. Results: Low concentrations of CRE had no significant effect on seed germination rate, germination index, vigor index and seed membrane permeability. With the increase of treatment concentration, membrane permeability of seeds increased and germination was inhibited. Seed soaking with 800 mg CRE.L-1 resulted in a 23.4% (pea) and 9.5% (broad bean) germination rate reduction compared with the control. At the same time, the content of soluble sugar in broad bean seeds was significantly lower than that in the control after CRE soaking, and the contents of free amino acids in two legumes, especially in the faba bean, also decreased significantly. In addition, low concentrations of CRE promoted the growth of seedlings of Vicia faba and pea seedlings and increased nitrate reductase and root activity, but CRE at high concentrations had a significant inhibitory effect and inhibited the nutrient utilization in endosperm. CONCLUSION: Allelochemicals released from the roots of Coptis chinesis, present in large amounts in soil, and the decay of plant residues may inhibit the germination and seedling growth of leguminous crops. In the intensive cultivation of Coptis soil, this inhibitory effect may result in a decrease in yield of the following season crops.