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以96-D-10水稻为供试作物,在宁夏引黄灌区灌淤土上,研究以沼渣为主要原料的有机无机配方肥对水稻产量和经济效益及环境的影响。结果表明:与农民习惯施肥处理(PF)相比,配方肥Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ处理分别增产1.8%、4.6%、5.0%,配方肥Ⅱ最高达到1556.7元/hm2,配方Ⅰ最低,只有943.1元/hm2;追肥前后各处理稻田渗漏水中总氮含量有明显变化,但变化趋势不一致,农民习惯施肥处理追肥后稻田渗漏水中总氮迅速升高,最高达25.16mg/L,配方肥Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ处理分别为18.46、17.22和24.70mg/L,从不同层次稻田渗漏水看,总氮浓度依次顺序为30-60cm>0-30cm>60-90cm>90-150cm;收获后,0～150cm以内土壤无机氮累积量PF2最低仅为33.19kg/hm2,FP最高为61.18kg/hm2,是其他处理的1.2～1.8倍。综合以上各因素,通过试验水稻合适的配方肥为配方Ⅱ(含沼渣35%、N 20%、P2O510%),施用量为750kg/hm2,并补施重过磷酸钙(含P2O546%)97.8 kg/hm2。
Using 96-D-10 rice as tested crop, we studied the effects of organic-inorganic formula fertilizer with biogas residue as raw material on yield, economic benefits and environment of rice in irrigated silt irrigation area of Ningxia Yellow River. The results showed that compared with peasants’ conventional fertilization treatment (PF), the yield of formula fertilizer Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ increased by 1.8%, 4.6% and 5.0% respectively, the highest of formula fertilizer Ⅱ reached 1556.7 yuan / hm2, the lowest of formula Ⅰ, only 943.1 yuan / hm2; Before and after top dressing, the total nitrogen content in the leaking water of paddy field obviously changed, but the change tendency was inconsistent. After the top dressing was used by peasants, the TN in the paddy field increased rapidly up to 25.16mg / L, Ⅱ, Ⅲ treatments were 18.46, 17.22 and 24.70 mg / L, respectively. According to seepage water of paddy fields at different levels, the order of total nitrogen concentration was 30-60cm> 0-30cm> 60-90cm> 90-150cm; after harvest, 0 The lowest concentration of inorganic nitrogen in soil of ~ 150cm was only 33.19kg / hm2 and the highest FP was 61.18kg / hm2, which was 1.2 ~ 1.8 times of other treatments. Based on the above factors, the suitable formula fertilizer for rice was Formulation II (containing biogas residue 35%, N 20% and P2O510%) at an applied rate of 750kg / hm2, supplemented with 97.4% of superphosphate (containing P2O546%) kg / hm2.