法律制度如何设计才能将违法犯罪活动降到社会容忍度以内,已成为当前社会不得不考虑的问题。惩罚违法犯罪行为的最优机制就是从经济效率的角度来分析这一问题,运用效用最大化假定、理性人、博弈理论和价格理论等经济学的概念、判断和分析方法对刑罚效率的判断标准、犯罪的最优威慑及刑罚的最优机制等问题进行分析。 How to design the legal system so that the criminal activities can be reduced to within the tolerance of society has become the current society has to consider. The best mechanism to punish crimes is to analyze this problem from the perspective of economic efficiency. By using the concepts of maximizing utility, rational people, game theory and price theory, the judging and analyzing methods can judge the penalty efficiency , The optimal deterrence of crime and the optimal mechanism of punishment.