【目的】探讨儿童牙龈炎与恒牙龋的相关关系,为儿童牙龈炎防治工作提供理论依据。【方法】采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法共调查广州市12～13岁儿童1 115人。检查方法和标准参考1997年WHO推荐的《口腔健康调查基本方法》,牙龈炎检查六颗指数牙,龋病检查全口恒牙,分别采用牙龈指数(GI)和DMFT记录检查结果。Logistic回归分析儿童牙龈炎与恒牙龋病的关系。【结果】广州市12～13岁儿童牙龈炎患病率72.65%,中、重度牙龈炎患病率分别为28.16%和5.83%。恒牙龋患病率为25.83%,其中未充填龋占龋齿的73.73%。Logistic回归分析显示未充填龋是广州市12～13岁儿童牙龈炎患病的危险因素。【结论】广州市12～13岁儿童牙龈炎患病率较高,有未充填龋存在的儿童是广州市儿童牙龈炎重点防治人群。 【Objective】 To investigate the relationship between gingivitis and permanent tooth caries in children and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of gingivitis in children. 【Method】 A total of 1 115 children aged 12-13 years from Guangzhou were investigated by random sampling with multistage stratified cluster analysis. Inspection methods and standards Refer to the “Basic Methods for Oral Health Surveys” recommended by the WHO in 1997, six index gingivitis teeth, and full carious dental examination. Gingival index (GI) and DMFT were used to record the test results. Logistic regression analysis of the relationship between gingivitis and permanent dental caries in children. 【Results】 The prevalence of gingivitis in children aged 12 ~ 13 years in Guangzhou was 72.65%. The prevalence rates of moderate and severe gingivitis were 28.16% and 5.83% respectively. The prevalence rate of permanent tooth caries was 25.83%, of which, 73.73% of uncaria caries accounted for caries. Logistic regression analysis showed that unfractionated caries was a risk factor for gingivitis in children aged 12 ~ 13 in Guangzhou. 【Conclusion】 The prevalence of gingivitis in children aged 12 ~ 13 years in Guangzhou is higher than that in children with gingivitis in Guangzhou.