伴随中国近代化的历程,爱国主义也实现了由传统的“天下观”向近代化的民族国家观转变。这种转变是在时代潮流的主导下,一次又一次地被推到风口浪尖上,被动地完成其近代化。在此过程中,虽然伴有主动的探索,但长达80年的时间内,并没能把握住时代的主题,因而导致了这几十年时间里的一系列的失败。这些失败原因是多方面的,但没有找准爱国的路线,把握不了时代主题则是主要原因。 Along with the course of China’s modernization, patriotism also achieved the transformation from the traditional “world view” to the modern nation-state perspective. This transformation is led by the trend of the times and again and again pushed to the cusp to passively complete its modernization. Although this process was accompanied by active exploration, it failed to grasp the theme of the times for as long as 80 years, leading to a series of failures in these decades. The reasons for these failures are manifold, but the main reason is that they can not grasp the patriotic line and can not grasp the theme of the times.