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目的分析广州市学校甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情的流行病学特征,为学校甲型H1N1流感暴发防控提供参考。方法对广州市学校甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情的分布情况、临床表现、疫情发现途径以及处理措施进行流行病学分析。结果广州市8起学校甲型H1N1流感暴发疫情确诊病例为46人,罹患率为0.52%;暴发时间主要集中在6月下旬,平均2.13d有1起暴发,平均持续时间为6d;在大专学校暴发疫情占62.5%。46例确诊病例中,男、女各占50%,平均年龄为16.85岁,其中67.39%病例年龄为16～19岁;60.87%和30.43%的病例分别从暴发调查和确诊病例的密切接触者中发现。8起暴发疫情中,有2起是由于学生密切接触确诊病例导致续发,其余6起是由于本地社区感染导致;从发现首发病例到采取控制措施的间隔时间与疫情流行时间有相关性(r=0.932,P=0.001)。结论学校是广州甲型H1N1流感暴发防控的重点场所。需要进一步加强对学校疫情的监测、甲型H1N1流感的防控知识培训以及接种疫苗宣教等工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Influenza A (H1N1) outbreaks in schools in Guangzhou and provide reference for prevention and control of Influenza A (H1N1) outbreaks in schools. Methods The epidemiological analysis was conducted on the distribution, clinical manifestation, ways to find out the epidemic and the treatment measures for outbreaks of influenza A (H1N1) in schools in Guangzhou. Results Outbreaks of influenza A (H1N1) outbreaks in 8 schools in Guangzhou were 46 and the attack rate was 0.52%. The outbreaks were mainly in late June with an average of 2.13 days. The average duration was 6 days. In the tertiary education institutions, Outbreaks accounted for 62.5%. Of the 46 confirmed cases, 50% were male and female, with an average age of 16.85 years, 67.39% of whom were 16-19 years old. 60.87% and 30.43% of the 46 cases were diagnosed respectively by outbreak investigation and confirmed cases Find. Of the 8 outbreaks, 2 were caused by close contact with confirmed cases and the remaining 6 were caused by local community infections. The interval from the discovery of the first case to the control measures was related to the outbreak time (r = 0.932, P = 0.001). Conclusion The school is an important place for prevention and control of H1N1 influenza in Guangzhou. Need to further strengthen the monitoring of the school epidemic, influenza H1N1 influenza prevention and control knowledge training and vaccination mission.