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目的了解城市儿童高血压患病情况,为高血压早期预防策略的制定提供基础数据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,从北京、哈尔滨、济南、重庆、广州和上海抽取6～13岁小学生9 793名。按照统一的标准测量方法测量身高、体重及腰围,采用直立式水银血压计测量血压,参考我国儿童高血压诊断标准进行高血压诊断。通过家长问卷调查获取家庭信息。结果儿童高血压患病率为10.8%,女生(11.9%)高于男生(9.7%)(P<0.01)。肥胖儿童高血压患病率(28.3%)高于超重(16.7%)及正常体重儿童(7.5%)(P<0.01)。不同年龄女生高血压患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着母亲文化程度的增加,女生高血压患病率逐渐降低(P<0.05);不同家庭收入水平间儿童高血压患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论我国儿童高血压患病情况较为普遍,需要加强对儿童高血压的预防控制措施。
Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension in urban children and provide basic data for the development of early prevention strategies for hypertension. Methods A total of 9 793 primary school students aged 6 to 13 were collected from Beijing, Harbin, Jinan, Chongqing, Guangzhou and Shanghai using a multistage randomized cluster sampling method. According to a unified standard measurement of height, weight and waist circumference, the use of vertical mercury sphygmomanometer to measure blood pressure, refer to our diagnostic criteria for hypertension in children with hypertension diagnosis. Get home information through parental questionnaire. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 10.8% in children and 11.9% in girls (9.7%) (P <0.01). The prevalence of hypertension in obese children (28.3%) was higher than that in overweight (16.7%) and normal weight children (7.5%) (P <0.01). The prevalence of hypertension among girls of different ages had statistical significance (P <0.05). With the increase of mother’s educational level, the prevalence of hypertension in girls gradually decreased (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hypertension among children in different families (P> 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in children is more common in our country. There is a need to strengthen prevention and control measures for hypertension in children.