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1 问题的提出马斯京根(Muskingum)流量演算方法是基于河段的水量平衡原理和蓄泄关系基础上,把河段上游断面的入流过程演算成下游断面的出流过程的一种实用流量演算方法。该方法由麦克瑟(G.T.Mc Carthy)于本世纪30年代提出,首先在美国河流上成功应用。由于该法具有原理正确、参数物理意义明确、计算简单等特点,在我国河流洪水流量演算中也得到了广泛的应用。马斯京根方法的基本方程是:Q_(t+△1)=C_0I_(t+△1)+C_1I_t+C_2Q_t (1)式中:C_0=(-kx+0.5△t)/(k-kx+0.5△t),C_1=(kx+0.5△t)/(k-kx+0.5△t),C_2=(k-kx-0.5△t)/(k-kx+0.5△t),C_0,C_1,C_2为流量演算系数,k、x为流量演算参数,△t为流量演算时段长。马斯京根演算方法中最关键的问题是确定演算参数(或演算系数)。
1 PROBLEM PROBLEM The Muskingum flow calculation method is based on the principle of water balance and the reservoir-discharge relationship in a river section. The calculation of the inflow of an upstream section of a river section into a practical flow of an outflow section of a downstream section Calculation method. The method was proposed by G.T.C. Carthy in the 1930s and was first successfully applied in American rivers. Because this method has the characteristics of correct principle, definite physical meaning of parameters and simple calculation, it has also been widely used in the calculation of flood discharge of rivers in China. The basic equation of the Muskingum method is: Q_ (t + Δ 1) = C_0I_ (t + Δ 1) + C_1I_t + C_2Q_t where C_0 = (-kx + 0.5Δt) / (k-kx + 0.5 C_0, C_1, C_1 = kx + 0.5Δt / k-kx + 0.5Δt, C_2 = k-kx-0.5Δt / k-kx + C_2 is the flow calculation coefficient, k, x is the flow calculation parameter, and Δt is the flow calculation period. The most crucial problem in Muskingum's method of calculation is determining the parameters (or coefficients of calculation).