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目的 探讨小儿重型颅脑损伤的诊断及治疗。方法 回顾性分析我院 1986年 1月至2 0 0 1年 12月收治 2 71例小儿重型颅脑损伤 (GCS≤ 8分 )的临床资料。结果 2 71例 (其中GCS≤ 5分88例 )中合并颅内血肿 119例及脑室内出血 3例 ,占 4 5 2 0 %。手术治疗 191例 ,非手术治疗 80例。2 36例存活 ,随访 6月至 3年和头颅CT复查 ,15 7例恢复正常 ,6 5例有脑软化灶 ,其中 17例与病灶侧侧脑室穿通 ;轻、中残 14例 ,其中 6例有外伤性癫痫。死亡 35例 ,死亡率 12 5 %。结论 小儿重型颅脑损伤应尽早确诊、抢救生命以及选择及时、恰当的综合治疗方案 ,是提高生存数量和质量的关键。
Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric severe craniocerebral injury. Methods A retrospective analysis of our hospital from January 1986 to December 2001 admitted 2171 cases of pediatric severe head injury (GCS ≤ 8 points) of the clinical data. Results Among 71 cases (GCS ≤ 5 points and 88 cases), there were 119 cases of intracranial hematoma and 3 cases of intraventricular hemorrhage, accounting for 45.02%. Surgical treatment of 191 cases, 80 cases of non-surgical treatment. Totally 36 36 patients survived and were followed up for 6 months to 3 years. CT scans were performed in 15 7 cases, 65 cases were brain softening lesions, of which 17 cases were lateral ventricles of the lesion. 14 cases were mild and moderate residual disease, of which 6 cases Traumatic epilepsy. 35 cases died, the mortality rate 125%. Conclusion The diagnosis of severe craniocerebral injury in children should be diagnosed as soon as possible. The key to improving the quantity and quality of life is to save lives and choose a timely and appropriate comprehensive treatment plan.