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AIM: To determine the frequency of occult hepatitis B infection(OHBI) in a group of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-1+/ hepatitis B surface antigen negative(HBsAg)- patients from Mexico. METHODS: We investigated the presence of OHBI in 49 HIV-1+/HBsAg- patients. Hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA was analyzed using nested PCR to amplify the Core(C) region and by real-time PCR to amplify a region of the S and X genes. The possible associations between the variables and OHBI were investigated using Pearson’s χ2 and/or Fisher’s exact test.RESULTS: We found that the frequency of OHBI was 49% among the group of 49 HIV-1+/HBsAg- patients studied. The presence of OHBI was significantly associated with the HIV-1 RNA viral load [odds ratio(OR) = 8.75; P = 0.001; 95%CI: 2.26-33.79] and with HIVantiretroviral treatment with drugs that interfere with HBV replication(lamivudine, tenofovir or emtricitabine)(OR = 0.25; P = 0.05; 95%CI: 0.08-1.05). CONCLUSION: The OHBI frequency is high among 49 Mexican HIV-1+/HBsAg- patients and it was more frequent in patients with detectable HIV RNA, and less frequent in patients who are undergoing HIV-ARV treatment with drugs active against HBV.
AIM: To determine the frequency of occult hepatitis B infection (OHBI) in a group of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -1 + / hepatitis B surface antigen negative (HBsAg) - patients from Mexico. METHODS: We investigated the presence of OHBI in 49 HIV-1 + / HBsAg- patients. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA was analyzed using nested PCR to amplify the Core (C) region and by real-time PCR to amplify a region of the S and X genes. Between the variables and OHBI were investigated using Pearson’s χ2 and / or Fisher’s exact test .RESULTS: We found that the frequency of OHBI was 49% among the group of 49 HIV-1 + / HBsAg- patients studied. The presence of OHBI was significantly associated with the HIV-1 RNA viral load [odds ratio (OR) = 8.75; P = 0.001; 95% CI: 2.26-33.79] and with HIV antiretroviral treatment with drugs that interfere with HBV replication (lamivudine, tenofovir or emtricitabine) = 0.25; P = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.08-1.05) CONCLUSION: The OHBI frequency is high among 49 Mexican HI V-1 + / HBsAg- patients and it was more frequent in patients with detectable HIV RNA, and less frequent in patients who are undergoing HIV-ARV treatment with drugs active against HBV.