[目的]研究质膜微囊蛋白1(caveolin-1,CAV-1)在结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)患者大肠黏膜中的表达,并初步探讨其临床意义。[方法]在肠镜室募集无器质性肠道疾病患者12例、结直肠癌患者16例,通过结肠镜分别在无器质性肠道疾病患者的乙状结肠处和结直肠癌患者的病变明显处取材,每例取3块。获取的标本经免疫组织化学染色,检测CAV-1在结肠黏膜中的表达。[结果]免疫组织化学法检测CAV-1在无器质性肠道疾病患者和结直肠癌结肠黏膜中的表达发现,CAV-1蛋白阳性染色主要位于胞浆,胞核少见或未见染色;在无器质性肠道疾病患者的结肠黏膜组织胞浆中仅有少量阳性染色点,而CAV-1在结直肠癌组织中的表达明显,染色呈现颗粒状。无器质性肠道疾病患者组CAV-1表达的阳性指数为(12.87±2.76),结直肠癌组的表达明显增强,其阳性指数为(34.42±5.44),较无器质性肠道疾病患者表达明显增强(P<0.01)。[结论]CAV-1在直结肠癌黏膜中高表达,CAV-1是结直肠癌发病的促使因子。 [Objective] To investigate the expression of caveolin-1 (CAV-1) in the colorectal mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and to investigate its clinical significance. [Methods] Twelve cases of non-organic intestinal diseases and 16 cases of colorectal cancer were recruited in the colonoscopy room. The lesions of patients with sigmoid colon and colorectal cancer by colonoscopy were significantly different Department drawn, each case take three. The obtained specimens were immunohistochemically stained to detect the expression of CAV-1 in colonic mucosa. [Results] The expression of CAV-1 protein in colonic mucosa of patients with non-organic intestinal diseases and colorectal cancer was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The positive staining of CAV-1 protein was mainly located in the cytoplasm with rare or undetected nuclei. There was only a few positive staining spots in the cytoplasm of colonic mucosa in patients with non-organic intestinal diseases, while the expression of CAV-1 in colorectal cancer tissues was obvious. The positive index of CAV-1 expression in patients with non-organic intestinal disease was (12.87 ± 2.76), the expression of CAV-1 was significantly increased in colorectal cancer patients with a positive index of (34.42 ± 5.44), which was significantly higher than those without organic intestinal disease The patient’s expression was significantly enhanced (P <0.01). [Conclusion] CAV-1 is overexpressed in mucosa of colorectal cancer, and CAV-1 is a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.