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目的分析3～6岁幼儿体型各因子的遗传度,探讨遗传与环境因素对其体型发育的影响。方法采用Heath-Carter体型法对72对3～6岁同性别双生子[同卵双生子(MZ)42对,异卵双生子(DZ)30对]的体型进行分析,用Holzinger公式估算体型各因子遗传度。结果二维空间的体型离散距离(SDD)和三维空间体型位置距离(SAD)显示,MZ的体型较DZ更为接近;体型各因子对间方差在2类双生子间均无明显差异,中因子和外因子的对内方差DZ均明显大于MZ、组内相关系数MZ均明显大于DZ;内、中、外3个因子的遗传度分别为0.38、0.67、0.73。结论遗传与环境因素对3～6岁幼儿体型发育均有一定影响,内因子主要受环境影响,中、外因子受遗传因素影响较大。
Objective To analyze the heritability of each factor of 3 ~ 6-year-old children’s body shape and to explore the influence of genetic and environmental factors on her body shape development. Methods The body size of 72 pairs of twins, 3-6 years old [identical twins (MZ) 42 and fraternal twins 30 pairs] were analyzed by Heath-Carter method. Holzinger formula was used to estimate the body size Factor heritability. Results The body shape distance (SAD) in two-dimensional space showed that the body size of MZ was more similar than that of DZ. There was no significant difference between the two types of twins in body size. The median factor And external factors DZ were significantly greater than the internal MZ, group correlation coefficient MZ were significantly greater than the DZ; internal, external and external factors of the three were 0.38,0.67,0.73. Conclusion The genetic and environmental factors have an impact on the body development of 3 ~ 6-year-old children. The internal factors are mainly affected by the environment. The Chinese and foreign factors are greatly influenced by the genetic factors.