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为探究干旱胁迫环境条件下水稻(Oryza sativa)碾米品质和外观品质相关性状的变化规律,挖掘干旱条件下稳定存在的控制稻米品质性状的QTL,同时分析QTL与环境的互作效应,本研究以陆稻小白粳子和水稻空育131杂交构建的207个重组自交系(recombinant inbred line,RIL)群体及2个亲本为实验材料,在干旱胁迫和正常灌溉2个环境条件下进行重复实验,对糙米率(brown rice rate,BRR)、精米率(milled rice rate,MRR)、整精米率(head rice rate,HMRR)及垩白粒率(chalky rice rate,CG)4个品质性状进行QTL定位。结果表明,在2个环境下BRR、MRR、HMRR三者之间均呈极显著正相关,MRR、HMRR与CG分别呈显著和极显著负相关。各性状在2个环境下均呈现出连续分布,表现为数量性状的遗传特点。4个性状两年共检测到24个加性QTL和9对上位性互作QTL,分布于除第10和第12染色体的其余10条染色体上。在所有检测结果当中,5个加性QTL(q BRR11a,q MRR11a,q HMRR6a,q CG6a和q CG6c)均在2年干旱胁迫环境下同时检测到,3个加性QTL和4对上位性互作QTL检测到显著的环境互作效应,但各性状均以加性遗传效应为主,受水分环境影响较小。对干旱胁迫具有特异性QTL的挖掘和发现,在一定程度上为干旱胁迫下稻米品质的遗传改良提供了基础资料。
In order to explore the variation rules of rice quality and appearance quality of rice (Oryza sativa) under drought stress environment, and to excavate the QTL controlling the quality traits of rice under drought conditions, and to analyze the interaction effect between QTL and environment, A total of 207 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) and two parents were used as experimental materials in the hybrid between Upland rice and rice Kongyu131, and were repeated under two environmental conditions of drought stress and normal irrigation Experiments were conducted on four quality traits of brown rice rate (BRR), milled rice rate (MRR), head rice rate (HMRR) and chalky rice rate (CG) QTL mapping. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between BRR, MRR and HMRR in both environments, and there was a significant and highly significant negative correlation between MRR, HMRR and CG. All the traits showed continuous distribution in two environments, showing the genetic characteristics of quantitative traits. A total of 24 additive QTLs and 9 pairs of epistatic QTLs were detected in 4 traits over the past two years, distributed on the remaining 10 chromosomes except chromosomes 10 and 12. Among all the test results, five additive QTLs (q BRR11a, q MRR11a, q HMRR6a, q CG6a and q CG6c) were detected simultaneously under 2-year drought stress. Three additive QTLs and 4 pairs of epistatic Significant environmental interaction effects were detected for QTLs, but all the traits were additive genetic effects and were less affected by the water environment. The excavation and discovery of QTLs specific to drought stress provide some basic information for the genetic improvement of rice quality under drought stress.