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绿色景观是城市开发建设所必需的空间资源,也是城市生态功能维续的基础和载体,其动态演变过程关乎人类福祉与城市可持续发展。本文应用1986-2005年多时序的LandsatTM/ETM+遥感数据,采用改进型稳定映射变化轨迹分析、景观格局指数和系统聚类方法,综合分析城市化以来深圳市绿色景观的时空动态演变过程,探讨其空间发生机制。结果表明:研究期内深圳市绿色景观面积和类型组成变化显著,且均在1995年前后出现变幅拐点,具明显的阶段性特征;全市绿色景观动态变化轨迹包括4大类、2中类和13小类,以类内转化过程比例最高(30.5%),由此引发的潜在生态环境影响应成为今后城市景观演变与生态环境效应研究的一大重点;各类绿色景观变化轨迹形成集聚型、相对集聚型和分散型空间布局,长期保持过程集中分布于高海拔地区,与低海拔区域分布的波动、消失过程构成空间共轭关系,地形条件成为深圳市57%以上绿色景观的天然庇护。而在地形平坦的城市中,如何在快速城市化过程中有效保留充足、高质量的绿色景观资源,是值得进一步深入探讨的问题。
Green landscape is the necessary space resource for urban development and construction, and also the basis and carrier of urban ecological function maintenance. Its dynamic evolution is related to human well-being and urban sustainable development. Based on multi-time-series Landsat TM / ETM + remote sensing data from 1986 to 2005, this paper applies the improved stable mapping change trajectory analysis, landscape pattern index and system clustering method to comprehensively analyze the spatio-temporal dynamic evolution of green landscape in Shenzhen City since urbanization, Spatial mechanism. The results showed that during the study period, the change of green landscape area and type composition in Shenzhen City was significant. Both of them had a turning point in 1995 before and after the change, with obvious stage characteristics. The dynamic change trajectory of the green landscape in the city includes four categories, 13 sub-classes, with the highest proportion (30.5%) of transformation within the class, the resulting potential ecological environment impact should become a major focus of the study on urban landscape evolution and ecological and environmental effects in future; all kinds of green landscape change trajectories form a cluster, Relatively concentrated and decentralized spatial layout, the long-term conservation process is concentrated in the high-altitude areas, which is in conjugate relationship with the fluctuation and disappearance of the low-altitude areas. The terrain conditions become the natural shelter of more than 57% of green landscapes in Shenzhen. However, in the flat-topped cities, how to effectively retain sufficient and high-quality green landscape resources in the process of rapid urbanization is a problem worthy of further exploration.