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目的:探讨早期给予胃肠外营养对小于胎龄新生儿生长发育的影响。方法:将99例小于胎龄新生儿按照分层随机法分组法分为观察组与对照组,对照组40例新生儿给予早期胃肠内营养,观察组59例新生儿在此基础上联合应用胃肠外营养,观察两组头围、体重、营养生化指标等营养改善情况,同时观察生后两年的体格及智商发育情况。结果:停止胃肠外营养后,观察组头围、体重、营养生化指标等营养改善情况显著优于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);随访两年,观察组儿童身高(92.12±4.21)cm,体重(12.16±2.04)kg,头围(47.72±1.59)cm,胸围(48.93±2.36)cm;对照组儿童分别是(85.95±3.38)cm、(10.83±2.17)kg、(43.15±1.37)cm和(44.12±2.54)cm,观察组明显高于对照组(P<0.05);智力发育指标两组分别是(120.97±2.84)分和(118.16±3.06)分,观察组略高于对照组,没有统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:早期胃肠外营养能显著改善小于胎龄新生儿的营养状况,有助于促进小于胎龄儿的体格和智力发育。
Objective: To investigate the effects of early parenteral nutrition on the growth and development of neonates with small gestational age. Methods: Ninety-nine neonates with gestational age less than gestational age were divided into observation group and control group by stratified randomization method. Forty newborns in control group were given early gastrointestinal nutrition. On the basis of this, 59 newborns in observation group were used in combination Parenteral nutrition, head circumference, body weight, nutrition and biochemical indicators such as nutritional improvement, while observing the physical and IQ development after birth two years. Results: After stopping the parenteral nutrition, the nutrition improvement of head circumference, body weight, nutrition and biochemical indexes of the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); after two years of follow-up, the height (92.12 ± 4.21) cm, body weight (12.16 ± 2.04) kg, head circumference (47.72 ± 1.59) cm, and chest circumference (48.93 ± 2.36) cm respectively; children in the control group were (85.95 ± 3.38) cm and , (43.15 ± 1.37) cm and (44.12 ± 2.54) cm in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The scores of intelligence development in the two groups were (120.97 ± 2.84) and (118.16 ± 3.06) Group slightly higher than the control group, no statistical difference (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: Early parenteral nutrition can significantly improve the nutritional status of newborn infants younger than gestational age and contribute to the promotion of physical and mental development in infants younger than gestational age.