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目的对2013年陕西省一起流感暴发疫情进行流行病学调查和实验室诊断,为暴发疫情的防控提供科学依据。方法对该起流感暴发疫情进行现场流行病学调查;对暴发疫情的流感样病例标本进行核酸检测、MDCK细胞培养,RT-PCR法扩增流感病毒血凝素(HA)基因,测定核苷酸序列,用DNAman、Mega软件分析结果。结果该起暴发疫情发病呈单峰,具有年级聚集性,引起本次流感暴发疫情的病原为甲型H1N1流感病毒。该病毒株的HA基因与2013年-2014年北半球疫苗株相比,在抗原决定簇的180、202、220位发生突变。结论本次暴发疫情的流行特征与季节性流感相似,引起暴发疫情的甲型H1N1流感为本地流行株突变而来;严格落实晨检制度和停课是控制疫情的关键。
Objective To carry out epidemiological investigation and laboratory diagnosis of a flu outbreak in Shaanxi Province in 2013, which provides a scientific basis for prevention and control of outbreak. Methods The influenza epidemic situation was investigated on the spot. The samples of influenza-like illness were detected by nucleic acid detection and MDCK cell culture. The influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) gene was amplified by RT-PCR and the nucleotide The sequences were analyzed by DNAman, Mega software. The outbreak of the outbreak of the disease showed a single peak, with grade aggregation, causing the outbreak of the flu the pathogen for the influenza A H1N1 influenza virus. The HA gene of this strain mutated at epitopes 180, 202 and 220 of the Northern Hemisphere vaccine strain in 2013-2014. Conclusions The epidemic outbreak is similar to seasonal influenza. The outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) is a mutation of the local epidemic. The strict implementation of the morning screening and suspension of classes is the key to controlling the epidemic.