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盆栽条件下研究了葱(Allium fistulosum L.)与平邑甜茶(Malus hupehensis Rehd.)混作对苹果连作土壤环境及平邑甜茶幼苗生长和生理的影响。结果表明:与连作土对照相比,平邑甜茶与葱混作能促进幼苗株高、地径、鲜样质量、干样质量的增长(分别为对照的1.42倍、1.67倍、3.63倍和2.99倍);提高了平邑甜茶幼苗的根系呼吸速率、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性(分别为对照的1.58倍、2.74倍、2.41倍和6.79倍);显著提高土壤中脲酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性,均表现为混作>石灰氮>溴甲烷>连作土;同时混作土壤中细菌数量为连作对照的2.44倍,放线菌数量为连作土对照的1.79倍,而真菌数量较连作土对照减少了69.4%,土壤中细菌/真菌比值表现为溴甲烷>混作>石灰氮>连作土;提高了土壤真菌的丰富度指数、多样性指数、均匀度指数,降低了优势度指数;土壤中尖孢镰刀菌数量明显减少。平邑甜茶幼苗与葱混作,可以减少连作土壤中真菌数量,提高细菌数量,减轻苹果的连作障碍。
The effects of allium fistulosum L. and Malus hupehensis Rehd. On the soil environment and the growth and physiology of Malus hupehensis Rehd. The results showed that the combination of Malus hupehensis and Onion could promote the growth of plant height, diameter, fresh weight and dry weight (1.42 times, 1.67 times, 3.63 times and 2.99 times of the control respectively) ) Increased the root respiration rate, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) in the seedlings of H. amurensis (1.58 and 2.74 folds, 2.41-fold and 6.79-fold). The activities of urease, invertase, phosphatase and catalase in soil were significantly increased, which were all mixed> lime nitrogen> methyl bromide> continuous cropping soil. Meanwhile, the amount of bacteria in mixed soil was 2.44 times , And the number of actinomycetes was 1.79 times that of continuous cropping soil control, while the number of fungi was reduced by 69.4% compared with that of continuous cropping soil. The ratio of bacteria to fungi in soil showed methyl bromide> mixed crop> lime nitrogen> continuous cropping soil; and the enrichment of soil fungi Index, diversity index and evenness index decreased the dominance index; the number of Fusarium oxysporum in soil decreased significantly. Phyllostachys praecox seedlings mixed with green onions, can reduce the amount of fungi in continuous cropping soil, increase the number of bacteria, reduce the obstacle of continuous cropping.