当前在欧洲,提升场所品质正吸引越来越多来自政策和学术方面的兴趣关注。这也带来相应的问题,即如何采取适宜的管治能力来实现这些改善。我认为,上述能力的一个关键性要素存在于地方政治文化品质之中。其中的一些得到了较好的整合、联系和认知,人们能够很容易地把握机会加以动员来改善地方状况。另一些则是碎片化的,缺乏与权力和知识资源之间的联系,缺乏动员的能力,因而难以组织起来形成地方性差异。近年来,城市管治能力变革的一个重点,就是鼓励开展具有催化剂作用的项目与合作关系,这一点在英国特别突出。最近欧洲的经验显示,如果没有对于合作形式及其与更广泛政治文化联系方式的精心考虑,将难以获得更为全面的改革效果,甚至还可能导致地方能力的进一步分裂。通过分析,我发现在场所营造活动中,协作方法能获得更为有效和持久的改革效果。协作方法强调了以下活动的重要性,包括建立关于场所品质的新的政策论述,在政策制定和实施过程中开展利益相关群体的协作与互动,在传统权力精英之外扩大利益相关群体的共同参与,认知不同形式的地方知识,以及建设广泛的社会网络作为制度资本的资源。这些将城市规划的任务从“场所建设(”building places)转变为在行政社区范围内培育制度能力,从而推动进行中的“场所营造(”place-making)活动。 Currently in Europe, improving the quality of venues is attracting more and more attention from policy and academic interests. This also brings with it the corresponding problem of how to adopt appropriate governance capabilities to achieve these improvements. I believe that a key element of the above-mentioned capabilities lies in the quality of local political culture. Some of them have been better integrated, connected and aware, and people can easily grasp the opportunity to mobilize to improve the local situation. Others are fragmented, lacking connections with power and knowledge resources, lacking the ability to mobilize, and are therefore difficult to organize to form local differences. In recent years, one of the key points in the reform of urban governance capacity is to encourage the development of projects and cooperative relationships that have catalysts. This is particularly true in the United Kingdom. The recent experience in Europe shows that without careful consideration of the forms of cooperation and its connection with the wider political culture, it will be difficult to obtain more comprehensive reform effects, and it may even lead to further fragmentation of local capabilities. Through analysis, I have found that in workplace-building activities, collaborative methods can achieve more effective and lasting reforms. The collaborative approach emphasizes the importance of the following activities, including the establishment of new policy statements on the quality of places, the collaboration and interaction of stakeholder groups in the formulation and implementation of policies, and the expansion of stakeholder participation beyond traditional power elites. , Cognition of different forms of local knowledge, and the construction of a wide range of social networks as a resource for institutional capital. These have transformed the task of urban planning from “building places” to the ability to nurture institutions within the administrative community so as to promote ongoing “place-making” activities.