论文部分内容阅读
目的了解珠海市居民膳食营养素摄入与膳食结构现况,为制定适合当地实际的营养相关政策,指导居民合理膳食提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层与人口比例概率抽样方法,按家庭抽样为单位进行入户调查,以个人72h膳食回顾结合家庭调味品称重获取膳食信息,根据《中国食物成分表2004》计算人均各营养素及能量摄入数据,运用Access建立数据库,采用SPSS 12.0进行统计分析。结果完成膳食调查540户(城市330户,农村210户),共1 653人,平均3.1人/户;2岁及以上居民中,城市人口占63.04%,男性占46.88%;居民平均每标准人日摄入能量基本达到推荐参考值,为2 085.8 Kcal,占RNI的92.70%,蛋白质的摄入量(84.0 g)超过推荐参考值,膳食纤维(9.8 g)、维生素B1(0.9 mg)、和维生素B2(1.0 mg)钙(487.3 mg)等摄入量明显低于推荐参考值;每标准人日摄入的豆类(10.8 g)、水果(42.9 g)、薯类(12.4 g)和奶类(41.4 g)过低,以农村居民更甚(P<0.05),畜禽肉类(181.2 g)、油酯(39.3 g)和食盐(8.8 g)则过高,且城乡居民基本一致;碳水化合物提供的能量占总能量比例偏低(43.83%),脂肪提供的能量占比例偏高(40.39%);谷类提供的能量占总能量的比例过低,占33.37%,动物性食物提供的能量占比例过高,占30.54%,蛋白质食物来源中动物性食物已超过60.00%。结论珠海市居民基本营养素摄入得到满足,但膳食营养不平衡,主食消费较低,高脂食物摄入过多,膳食结构不尽合理,应针对性地对城乡居民开展营养健康教育,引导其合理膳食。
Objective To understand the status of dietary intakes and dietary intake of residents in Zhuhai and to provide scientific basis for formulating proper nutritional policies for local residents and guiding their reasonable diet. Methods The multi-stage stratification and population proportional probability sampling method were used to carry out household surveys on the basis of household sampling. Individual 72h meal review combined with household condiment weighing was used to obtain dietary information. According to “China Food Ingredient Table 2004” And energy intake data, the use of Access to establish a database using SPSS 12.0 for statistical analysis. Results A total of 540 households (330 in urban areas and 210 in rural areas) were surveyed with a total of 1 653 persons (average 3.1 persons / person). Among the population aged 2 and over, urban population accounted for 63.04% and men accounted for 46.88% Daily intake of energy reached the recommended value of 2 085.8 Kcal, accounted for 92.70% of RNI, protein intake (84.0 g) exceeded the recommended reference value, dietary fiber (9.8 g), vitamin B1 Vitamin B2 (1.0 mg), calcium (487.3 mg), and other intakes were significantly lower than the recommended reference values. Beans (10.8 g), fruits (42.9 g), yams (41.4 g) was too low, with rural residents even worse (P <0.05), poultry and meat (181.2 g), oil esters (39.3 g) and salt (8.8 g) were too high, and urban and rural residents were basically the same. The energy provided by carbohydrates was low (43.83%), the energy provided by fat was high (40.39%), and the energy provided by cereals was too low, accounting for 33.37% of total energy. The proportion of energy is too high, accounting for 30.54%, the protein food source animal food has more than 60.00%. Conclusion Zhuhai residents’ basic nutrient intakes are satisfied. However, due to unbalanced dietary nutrition, low staple food consumption, excessive intake of high-fat foods and unreasonable diet, nutrition and health education should be carried out for urban and rural residents in a targeted manner to guide their Reasonable diet.