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目前,抗虫转基因作物的抗性管理方法主要是高剂量/庇护所策略。该策略的有效性取决于3个基本的假设条件:(1)抗虫转基因作物(Bt作物)表达出高剂量的杀虫蛋白,该剂量使得靶标害虫对Bt杀虫蛋白的抗性表现型为功能性完全隐性或近于完全隐性,进而使得Bt作物可以杀死几乎所有的抗性杂合个体和所有的敏感性个体;(2)靶标害虫种群的Bt抗性基因起始频率处于很低的水平;(3)源自转基因作物田和非转基因作物田(庇护所)的成虫在田间随机混合并交配。这3个假设必须同时满足,缺一不可。本文就这3个假设的理论基础和经验研究的进展进行了综合论述,并着重讨论了随机交配假设的最新研究进展以及今后的研究方向和方法。
Currently, resistance management methods for insect-resistant transgenic crops are mainly high-dose / shelter strategies. The effectiveness of this strategy depends on three basic assumptions: (1) Insect-resistant transgenic crops (Bt crops) express high doses of insecticidal proteins that render the target pest resistant to the Bt insecticidal protein as Function is completely or almost completely recessive, which makes Bt crops kill almost all resistant hybrids and all susceptible individuals. (2) The initiation frequency of Bt resistance genes in target pest populations is very low Low levels; and (3) adults from both GMO and non-GMO crop fields (shelters) are randomly mixed and mated in the field. These three hypotheses must be satisfied at the same time, both indispensable. In this paper, the theoretical basis of these three hypotheses and the progress of empirical research are summarized, and the latest research progress of random mating hypothesis and the future research directions and methods are discussed.