从自混合干涉效应的等效结构出发,建立了该效应的一般模型。该模型包含了多重光反馈和多模激光的自混合干涉效应等情况,并且可以转化为以往所报道的弱光反馈水平的弱光模型和单模条件下的一般激光自混合干涉模型,明确了模型中各个参数的物理意义,对自混合干涉理论的研究提供了很好的理论指导。对单模的几种情况分别进行了数值仿真,仿真结果很好地验证了模型的正确性。 Starting from the equivalent structure of the self-mixing interference effect, a general model of the effect is established. The model includes the self-mixing interference effects of multiple optical feedback and multimode lasers, and can be transformed into the previously reported low light model with weak light feedback and the general laser self-mixing interference model with single mode. The physical meaning of each parameter in the model provides a good theoretical guidance for the study of self-mixing interference theory. Several simulations of single-mode are carried out respectively. The simulation results show the correctness of the model.