随着城市规模的扩展,铁路线穿越城市市区现象比较普遍;土地的集约利用,使临铁路线的两侧进行住宅开发增多。居民住宅区与铁路线的亲密接触,使铁路运营产生的污染成为亟待解决的居住环境问题。考虑噪声环境、振动、大气、电磁、废弃物等5个影响因素,建立因素集。备择集(评语集)中包括轻微影响、较小影响、较大影响和严重影响4个评判等级,通过德尔菲法确定各影响因素的权重,建立权重集。确定单个评判对象对备择集的隶属程度,得到单因素评价集,建立评价矩阵。最后,建立模糊综合评价集,对市区铁路的环境影响进行评价。 With the expansion of urban scale, it is common for the railway line to cross urban areas of the city; intensive land use has resulted in an increase in residential development on both sides of the Provisional Railway Line. Intimate contact between residential areas and railway lines has made the pollution caused by railway operations an urgent need to solve the living environment. Consider five influencing factors such as noise environment, vibration, atmosphere, electromagnetism and waste, and set up a set of factors. The candidate set (comment set) includes slight influence, minor influence, big influence and serious influence on four levels of judgment, determines the weight of each influencing factor by Delphi method, and establishes the weight set. Determine the degree of membership of the single judge to the alternative set, get the single factor evaluation set and establish the evaluation matrix. Finally, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation set is established to evaluate the environmental impact of urban railways.