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目的:观察微生态制剂预防婴幼儿抗生素相关性腹泻(AAD)的临床疗效。方法:将142例应用抗生素治疗的支气管肺炎患儿随机分为两组,对照组62例,给予常规抗感染治疗;预防组80例,在对照组常规抗感染治疗基础上加服枯草杆菌二联活菌颗粒。年龄<6月,1 g/d,～1岁,2 g/d,～3岁,2～3 g/d,均分为2次服用,疗程7～10 d。比较两组腹泻的发生率,观察两组患儿治疗1周后唾液分泌型IgA(sIgA)含量的变化。结果:对照组62例发生腹泻23例(37.10%),预防组80例发生腹泻13例(16.25%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.021,P<0.01);发生腹泻次数对照组为(5.16±1.50)次/d,预防组为(3.62±1.10)次/d,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.231,P<0.01);腹泻平均持续时间对照组为(4.74±1.32)d,预防组(3.71±1.33)d,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.248,P<0.05)。治疗1周后,对照组唾液sIgA与治疗前比较显著降低(t=2.759,P<0.01),而预防组与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.485,P>0.05)。结论:微生态制剂能有效预防婴幼儿AAD。
Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of probiotics in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in infants. Methods: 142 cases of children with bronchial pneumonia treated with antibiotics were randomly divided into two groups, the control group of 62 cases, given conventional anti-infective treatment; prevention group of 80 cases in the control group based on conventional anti-infective therapy plus subtilis Bacillus subtilis Live bacteria particles. Age <6 months, 1 g / d, ~ 1 year old, 2 g / d, ~ 3 years old, 2 ~ 3 g / d, were divided into 2 doses, treatment 7 ~ 10 d. The incidence of diarrhea in both groups was compared. The changes of sIgA in saliva after 1 week of treatment were observed in both groups. Results: There were 23 cases (37.10%) in the control group, 13 cases (16.25%) in the prevention group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 8.021, P <0.01) (5.16 ± 1.50) / d in the prevention group and (3.62 ± 1.10) / d in the prevention group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t = 3.231, P <0.01); the mean duration of diarrhea in the control group was (4.74 ± 1.32) d, and the preventive group (3.71 ± 1.33) d, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t = 2.248, P <0.05). After 1 week of treatment, salivary sIgA in the control group was significantly lower than that before treatment (t = 2.759, P <0.01), while there was no significant difference between the control group and before treatment (t = 0.485, P> 0.05). Conclusion: Probiotics can effectively prevent infant AAD.