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通过对石油钻杆摩擦焊对焊表面异常区进行扫描电镜分析和能谱分析表明,这种异常区内平面缺陷系由Si、Mn、Fe为主的低塑性氧化物组成。在接头受力时,沿平面缺陷萌生裂纹,发生脆性断裂。在所发现的1～2％面积率情况下,试样承载能力降低40～50％。这种缺陷与闪光焊和高频电阻焊时所产生的“灰斑”缺陷相类似。认为,压力焊产生的这类缺陷可能具有普遍性。防止这种缺陷对于保证石油钻杆摩擦焊接接头质量关系很大。本文对摩擦焊接头中“灰斑”的产生以及防止做了初步分析。
The scanning electron microscopic analysis and energy spectrum analysis of the abnormal area of friction welded butt welding surface of oil drill pipe show that the plane defects in this abnormal area are composed of low plasticity oxides mainly composed of Si, Mn and Fe. When the joint is subjected to stress, a crack is initiated along the plane defect and a brittle fracture occurs. In the case of 1% to 2% area ratio found, the carrying capacity of the sample is reduced by 40% to 50%. This kind of flaw is similar to the “gray spot” defect produced by flash welding and high frequency resistance welding. It is argued that such defects created by pressure welding can be ubiquitous. Preventing such defects is of great importance for ensuring the quality of oil drill friction welded joints. This article does a preliminary analysis of the occurrence and prevention of “gray spots” in friction welding joints.