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建立在外生比较优势基础上的中国外贸进出口格局和增长方式,在全球经济衰退以及伴随而来的贸易保护主义冲击下,已受到严重的影响。面对目前新的国际经济背景,中国外贸结构及增长方式应着眼于动态的内生比较优势,依据自己的经济发展水平调整我国在国际分工中的比较利益结构,促使比较优势转化为竞争优势。而转换的关键是技术的创新。以技术进步促进贸易结构的调整必须立足于我国各区域的比较优势,具有不同技术水平和要素结构的区域适宜采用不同的技术革新方式,通过多元化的技术创新模式促进外贸结构调整。
Under the impact of the global economic downturn and the ensuing trade protectionism, the pattern of China’s foreign trade import and export and the mode of growth based on the comparative advantages of foreign countries have been seriously affected. Faced with the new international economic context, China’s foreign trade structure and growth mode should focus on dynamic endogenous comparative advantages, adjust our comparative interest structure in the international division of labor according to the level of our own economic development, and promote comparative advantages into a competitive advantage. The key to conversion is technological innovation. The adjustment of the trade structure with technological progress must be based on the comparative advantages of all regions in our country. Different regions with different technological levels and key elements should adopt different technological innovations and promote the restructuring of foreign trade through diversified technological innovation models.