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对待古与今的关系有两种观点，从而对待历史也有两种态度：一是把两者看成互相独立、彼此外在的东西，视历史为独立自在的外部对象，这是主客二分观点和态度的表现；一是把两者看成是连成一体的，研究历史应从古往今来的连续性和统一性中看待历史事件，这是主客融合或称天人合一观点和态度的表现。本文从枷达默尔的视域融合的思想出发，结合王船山的“通古今而计之”的历史观，对后一种观点和态度作了详细的剖析和论述，并指出了前一种历史观的片面性。
There are two kinds of views on the relationship between the ancient and the present. Therefore, there are two attitudes towards history: First, they regard each as an independent and mutually external thing and regard history as an independent external object. This is the dichotomy between subject and object Attitude and attitude. First, the two should be regarded as one. The study of history should treat historical events from the continuity and unity of all ages. This is a manifestation of the viewpoints and attitudes of the fusion of subjects and objects or the unity of man and nature. This essay starts from the thought of Glenn Dammel’s sight fusion and combines the historical viewpoint of Wang Chuanshan’s “ancient, ancient and modern” to make a detailed analysis and exposition of the latter viewpoint and attitude, One-sidedness of the concept of history.