法国学者布尔迪厄(Pierre Bourdieu)认为,电视在收视率的支配下,已经从文化和交往的传播手段沦为典型的商业操作行为,不但不再是民主工具,反而带有压制民主的强暴性质。~①在这一态势下,承载了西方国家政治、经济和社会多重使命的公共电视,遂构成商业电视之外的媒介图景,并逐渐进入传播学研究者的视野。然而,对于公共电视的研究,研究者多将目光聚焦于英国、德国等公共电视历史更为悠久的国家,而对美国公共电视所论较少,全面系统的研究专 According to Pierre Bourdieu, a French scholar, under the control of ratings, television has become a typical commercial operation from the means of transmission of culture and communication. It is no longer merely a tool of democracy, but a repressive and oppressive rife . In this situation, the public television carrying the political, economic and social multiple missions of western countries constituted a media scene outside commercial television and gradually entered the field of vision of researchers in communications. However, for the study of public television, researchers focus more on the countries with longer history of public television such as Britain and Germany, and on the few, comprehensive and systematic studies of public television in the United States