历史不断被重新化妆,以迎合时下需要,汉代循吏酷吏历史地位的高低转换就是如此。脱离特定历史背景和具体人物,笼统谈论循吏酷吏的优劣是不可取的。无论司马迁还是班固都未曾笼统认定循吏优于酷吏,而是通过具体人物的传做具体评论,如说酷吏“其廉者足以为仪表,其污者足以为戒,方略教导,禁奸止邪,一切亦皆彬彬质有其文武焉。虽惨酷,斯称其位矣。”汉代循吏酷吏的主体是为朝廷治守一方的地方长吏,即守、相、令、长,特别是二千石,他们是国家权力在地方的代表。说到循吏,就会想到酷吏,反之也是一样。在传统认识中,循吏酷吏是差异极大的两类官僚,但他们却孪生在我们的意识里。这种孪生虽不等同于生物学的,但与传统认识相比,还是显得无稽,不过这是事实,且有存在的道理。在国家与社会关系视角下,二者不但有异,也有同,相比较中各自的存在都更有意义。 History has been constantly re-makeup to meet the needs of the moment, the Han Dynasty officialdom official position level conversion is so. It is not advisable to talk about the merits and desirability of officialdom officials from a specific historical background and specific characters. Whether Sima Qian or Ban Gu have not generally determined to follow the officials better than cool officials, but through the specific characters of the specific comments, such as cruel officials “The cheap enough for the instrument, the stain enough to take warning, the strategy of teaching, prohibiting only Evil, everything is also Bin-bin quality of its civil and military Yan .Although the cruel, Sri Lanka said its place. ”The main body of the followers of the Han Dynasty officials is to govern the party Changli local officials, that Shou, Xiang, Ling, long , Especially the two thousand stone, they are representatives of state power in the place. When it comes to follow official, you will think cruel officials, and vice versa. In traditional understanding, officialdom officials are two very different types of bureaucrats, but they are twins in our consciousness. Although not equivalent to biological twin, but compared with the traditional understanding, or nonsense, but this is a fact, and there is a reason. In the perspective of the relationship between state and society, the two are not only different, they are the same, compared with their respective existence are more meaningful.