罗兰光栅作为罗兰光栅光谱仪的核心分光元件对整个仪器至关重要,罗兰光栅在制造和使用过程中主要存在刻线误差、光栅的曲率半径误差和定位误差。采用光线追迹的办法分析罗兰光栅的各种误差对罗兰光栅光谱仪接收能量的影响。结果表明:曲率半径误差对Ⅳ型罗兰光栅光谱仪影响较小,刻线误差必须控制在-0.2~0.15l/mm刻线以内,x方向定位误差严格控制在-0.055~0.025mm之间,y方向定位误差控制在-0.03~0.015mm之间,罗兰光栅光谱仪对光栅绕z轴旋转误差最为敏感,控制在10-3度量级。通过对罗兰光栅误差的分析,为罗兰光栅光谱仪的高效利用和研制奠定了基础。 Roland grating as Roland grating spectrometer core spectroscopic components of the entire instrument is crucial, Roland grating in the manufacturing and use of the main existence of engraving error, the grating curvature radius error and positioning error. Ray tracing method was used to analyze Roland grating error of Roland grating received the impact of energy. The results show that the error of the radius of curvature has little influence on the type IV Roland grating spectrometer, the scribing error must be controlled within -0.2 ~ 0.15l / mm, the positioning error in the x direction should be strictly controlled between -0.055 ~ 0.025mm, and the y direction Positioning error control between -0.03 ~ 0.015mm, Roland grating spectrometer on the grating around the z-axis rotation error is the most sensitive control in the 10-3 scale. Through the analysis of Roland grating error, Roland grating spectrometer for efficient use and development laid the foundation.