目的快速查明导致青岛市出现多起食源性疾病暴发事件的“黑美人”毒西瓜的来源,及时采取控制措施,为防止类似事件的发生提供建议。方法根据病例定义开展病例搜索,采取流行病学方法分析事件特征,并溯源致病因素及病因性食品的销售途径和种植源头。结果有共同饮食暴露来源的西瓜导致发病19例,临床表现以恶心(占84%)、呕吐(占84%)、腹痛(占74%)、口舌麻木(占74%)和头晕(占58%)等为主,平均潜伏期20 min,血清胆碱酯酶活性均显著降低。从患者进食剩余和应急抽检的西瓜样品中检出涕灭威超标。经危险因素分析,进食西瓜量大的,症状相对较重。经溯源调查,问题西瓜先由海南万宁贩运至青岛某国际农副产品交易中心,经各商贩批发后再售卖至患者。结论本次事件的病因性食品是来自海南万宁在种植过程中使用了禁用农药“涕灭威”的“黑美人”西瓜。建议加强农药监管和对农户的宣传教育。 Objective To quickly identify the source of “black and white” poisonous watermelon that led to the occurrence of multiple foodborne disease outbreaks in Qingdao and take timely control measures to provide suggestions for preventing similar incidents. Methods According to the definition of cases, the case search was carried out. Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the characteristics of the incidents and trace the causative factors and the path of sale of the causative foods and the source of cultivation. As a result, there were 19 cases of watermelon with common dietary exposure. The clinical manifestations were nausea (84%), vomiting (84%), abdominal pain (74%), tongue numbness (74%) and dizziness (58% ) And other mainly the average incubation period of 20 min, serum cholinesterase activity were significantly reduced. Excessive aldicarb levels were detected in watermelon samples left over and sampled by emergency patients. Analysis of risk factors, eating a large amount of watermelon, the symptoms are relatively heavy. After the source of investigation, the issue of watermelon first by Hainan Wanning trafficking to an international agricultural products trading center in Qingdao, after traders wholesale and then sold to patients. Conclusion The etiological food of this incident came from Hainan Wanning. During the planting process, “Black Beauty” watermelon with banned pesticide “aldicarb” was used. Proposed to strengthen pesticide regulation and publicity and education of farmers.