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为研究喷丸处理对2024铝合金表面粗糙度的影响,提出一种利用数值模拟预测喷丸粗糙度的有效方法。对铝合金试件进行喷丸处理,测量得到粗糙度特征值Ra。利用有限元软件ABAQUS对喷丸过程建立多丸粒模型并进行数值模拟,基于所提出的Ra离散化计算式,通过对采样路径上节点位移的统计处理,得到Ra模拟值,最后通过改变模型相关参数,分析喷丸参数对粗糙度的影响规律。试验结果表明:模拟值与实测值相对误差分别为16.7%、2.5%、4.3%,两者吻合良好,验证了仿真模型及结果的正确性,另外模拟得出喷丸工件表面粗糙度随丸粒直径的增大而增加;随喷丸速度的增加而增加;随丸粒覆盖率的增大先大幅增长,后增速减缓。
In order to study the effect of shot peening on the surface roughness of 2024 aluminum alloy, an effective method to predict the shot peening roughness by numerical simulation is proposed. Shot peening of the aluminum alloy specimen was measured to obtain the roughness characteristic value Ra. A multi-pellet model of shot peening process is established by finite element software ABAQUS. Based on the proposed Ra discretization formula, the Ra simulation value is obtained through the statistical processing of the node displacement on the sampling path. Finally, by changing the model correlation Parameters, analysis of the impact of shot peening parameters of the law of roughness. The experimental results show that the relative errors between simulated and measured values are respectively 16.7%, 2.5% and 4.3%, which are in good agreement with each other. The correctness of the simulation model and the results are verified. In addition, the surface roughness of the shot peening workpiece is simulated with the pellets Diameter increased with the increase of shot peening speed; with the increase of shot peening coverage increased sharply, then slowed down.