一、耶稣会以文化交流的方式叩开清王朝国门西方早期的殖民国家在扩张统治版图的时候,往往是采取军事征服和精神征服相结合的方式。而古老的东方文明是西方耶稣会向往的地方。清朝康乾年间,正值盛世,国力强盛,外来势力不可能对中国的政策造成干扰,也没有任何一个传教士背后的西方国家可以对当时的中国造成威胁。西方国家采取了文化传教的方式,耶稣会士便以十字架和科技为敲门砖进入了大清国。耶稣会为天主教一个教会组织,以反对宗教改革,保护教会绝对主权 First, the Jesuits will open the Kingdom of the Qing Dynasty through cultural exchange. When the early colonial countries in the western expansion expanded the territory of rule, they often adopted a combination of military conquest and spiritual conquest. The ancient Eastern civilization is where the West Jesuit yearning. During the reign of Emperor Kang Ganqian in the Qing Dynasty, at a time of prosperity and strong national power, it was impossible for foreign powers to interfere with China’s policies and no Western country behind the missionaries could pose a threat to China at that time. Western countries have adopted the method of cultural missionary, Jesuits will cross and technology as a stepping stone into the Qing Dynasty. Jesuits organize a Catholic church to oppose religious reform and protect the church’s absolute sovereignty